ከ«አማርኛ» ለውጦች መካከል ያለው ልዩነት

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ጽሑፉ በ«'''አማርኛ'''<ref name="አንበሴ" /> ፡ የኢትዮጵያ ፡ መደበኛ ፡ ቋንቋ ፡ ነው ። ከሴማዊ ፡ ቋንቋዎች ፡ እንደ ፡ ዕብራይስጥ ፡ ወይም ፡ ዓረብኛ ፡ አንዱ ፡ ነው። በአፍሪካ ፡ ውስጥ ፡ ደግሞ ፡ ከምዕራብ ፡ አፍሪካው ፡ ሐውሳና ፡ ከምሥራቅ ፡ አፍሪካው ፡ ስዋ...» ተተካ።
Tags: Replaced Reverted በንፋስ ስልክ -የሞባይል ድረገፅ
መስመር፡ 1፦ መስመር፡ 1፦
'''አማርኛ'''<ref name="አንበሴ" /> ፡ የ[[ኢትዮጵያ]] ፡ መደበኛ ፡ ቋንቋ ፡ ነው ። ከ[[ሴማዊ ቋንቋዎች|ሴማዊ ፡ ቋንቋዎች]] ፡ እንደ ፡ [[ዕብራይስጥ]] ፡ ወይም ፡ [[ዓረብኛ]] ፡ አንዱ ፡ ነው። በአፍሪካ ፡ ውስጥ ፡ ደግሞ ፡ ከምዕራብ ፡ አፍሪካው ፡ [[ሐውሳ ቋንቋ|ሐውሳ]]ና ፡ ከምሥራቅ ፡ አፍሪካው ፡ [[ስዋሂሊ]] ፡ ቀጥሎ ፡ 3<sup>ኛውን</sup> ፡ ቦታ ፡ የያዘ ፡ ነው።<ref name="አንበሴ">ዶ/ር ፡ አንበሴ ፡ ተፈራ «[http://cms.education.gov.il/NR/rdonlyres/9D9F5A60-082D-4DDD-9853-A669B5B9C9E5/132239/Safa.PDF የኢትዮጵያ ፡ ብሔረሰቦችና ፡ ቋንቋዎቻቸው ፡ አጭር ፡ ቅኝት] {{Wayback|url=http://cms.education.gov.il/NR/rdonlyres/9D9F5A60-082D-4DDD-9853-A669B5B9C9E5/132239/Safa.PDF |date=20120617090119 }}»</ref> እንዲያውም ፡ 85.6 ፡ ሚሊዮን ፡ ያህል ፡ ተናጋሪዎች ፡ እያሉት ፣ አማርኛ ፡ ከአረብኛ ፡ ቀጥሎ ፡ ትልቁ ፡ ሴማዊ ፡ ቋንቋ ፡ ነው። የሚጻፈውም ፡ በአማርኛ ፡ ፊደል ፡ ነው። አማርኛ ፡ ከዓረብኛና ፡ ከዕብራይስጥ ፡ ያለው ፡ መሰረታዊ ፡ ልዩነት ፡ እንደ ፡ [[ላቲን]] ፡ ከግራ ፡ ወደ ፡ ቀኝ ፡ መጻፉ ፡ ነው።
'''አማርኛ'''<ref name="አንበሴ" /> ፡ የ[[ኢትዮጵያ]] ፡ መደበኛ ፡ ቋንቋ ፡ ነው ። ከ[[ሴማዊ ቋንቋዎች|ሴማዊ ፡ ቋንቋዎች]] ፡ እንደ ፡ [[ዕብራይስጥ]] ፡ ወይም ፡ [[ዓረብኛ]] ፡ አንዱ ፡ ነው። በአፍሪካ ፡ ውስጥ ፡ ደግሞ ፡ ከምዕራብ ፡ አፍሪካው ፡ [[ሐውሳ ቋንቋ|ሐውሳ]]ና ፡ ከምሥራቅ ፡ አፍሪካው ፡ [[ስዋሂሊ]] ፡ ቀጥሎ ፡ 3<sup>ኛውን</sup> ፡ ቦታ ፡ የያዘ ፡ ነው።<ref name="አንበሴ">ዶ/ር ፡ አንበሴ ፡ ተፈራ «[http://cms.education.gov.il/NR/rdonlyres/9D9F5A60-082D-4DDD-9853-A669B5B9C9E5/132239/Safa.PDF የኢትዮጵያ ፡ ብሔረሰቦችና ፡ ቋንቋዎቻቸው ፡ አጭር ፡ ቅኝት] {{Wayback|url=http://cms.education.gov.il/NR/rdonlyres/9D9F5A60-082D-4DDD-9853-A669B5B9C9E5/132239/Safa.PDF |date=20120617090119 }}»</ref> እንዲያውም ፡ 85.6 ፡ ሚሊዮን ፡ ያህል ፡ ተናጋሪዎች ፡ እያሉት ፣ አማርኛ ፡ ከአረብኛ ፡ ቀጥሎ ፡ ትልቁ ፡ ሴማዊ ፡ ቋንቋ ፡ ነው። የሚጻፈውም ፡ በአማርኛ ፡ ፊደል ፡ ነው። አማርኛ ፡ ከዓረብኛና ፡ ከዕብራይስጥ ፡ ያለው ፡ መሰረታዊ ፡ ልዩነት ፡ እንደ ፡ [[ላቲን]] ፡ ከግራ ፡ ወደ ፡ ቀኝ ፡ መጻፉ ፡ ነው።


የሐማራ * ግዛት ፡ ተብሎ ፡ የሚታወቀው ፡ ቦታ ፡ በአሁኑ ፡ መካከለኛና ፡ ደቡብ ፡ ወሎ ፡ ይገኝ ፡ እንደነበር ፡ በታሪክ ፡ ይጠቀሳል<ref>[[የኢትዮጵያ ካርታ 1459 በዝርዝር]] </ref>። ከክርስቶስ ፡ ልደት ፡ በፊት ፡ ከ200 - 130 ዓ.ዓ. ፡ የነበረው ፡ [[አጋታርከስ]] ፡ ስለ ፡ [[ቀይ ባህር|ቀይ ፡ ባህር]] ፡ እና ፡ አካባቢው ፡ ሲጽፍ ፣ [[ትሮጎዶላይት]] ፡ ያላቸው ፡ ሕዝቦች – τής Kαμάρ λέξιςα (የካማራ ''Camàra'' ቋንቋ) ወይንም ፡ Kαμάρα λέξιςα (ካማራ ''Camàra'' ቋንቋ) ይናገሩ ፡ እንደነበር ፡ ዘግቧል<ref>James Cowles Prichard, ''Researches into the physical history of mankind: Researches into the physical ethnography of the African races, Volume 2'', Sherwood, Gilbert, and Piper, London, 1837 (page 145) {{en}}</ref>። ከዚህ ተነስተው ፡ የተለያዩ ፡ ታሪክ ፡ አጥኝዎች ፡ የአጋታርከስ ፡ ካማራ ፡ ቋንቋ ፡ የአሁኑ ፡ አማርኛ በወር የቋንቋ አባሪና ፡ ወላጅ ፡ እንደሆነ ፡ ያስረዳሉ<ref>Amharic Language, ''The national encyclopædia: a dictionary of universal knowledge'', London, 1879 {{en}}</ref><ref>''The Encyclopædia Britannica, or, Dictionary of arts, sciences, and general literature, Volume 13 '', (1855), Page 219 {{en}}</ref><ref>Louis J. Morié, '' Les civilisations africaines: L'Abyssinie (Éthiopie moderne) avec un appendice diplomatique'', (1904) Page 25 {{fr}}</ref>።
የሐማራ * ግዛት ፡ ተብሎ ፡ የሚታወቀው ፡ ቦታ ፡ በአሁኑ ፡ መካከለኛና ፡ ደቡብ ፡ ወሎ ፡ ይገኝ ፡ እንደነበር ፡ በታሪክ ፡ ይጠቀሳል<ref>[[የኢትዮጵያ ካርታ 1459 በዝርዝር]] </ref>። ከክርስቶስ ፡ ልደት ፡ በፊት ፡ ከ200 - 130 ዓ.ዓ. ፡ የነበረው ፡ [[አጋታርከስ]] ፡ ስለ ፡ [[ቀይ ባህር|ቀይ ፡ ባህር]] ፡ እና ፡ አካባቢው ፡ ሲጽፍ ፣ [[ትሮጎዶላይት]] ፡ ያላ

ትክክለኛው ፡ አማርኛ ፡ አንዳንዴ ፡ «የንጉሥ ፡ ቋንቋ» ፡ ወይም ፡ ደግሞ ፡ «ልሳነ-ንጉሥ» በመሰየም ፡ ታወቋል። አማርኛ ፡ ልሳነ-ንጉሥ ፡ የሆነው ፡ በ1272 ዓ.ም. ከ[[ዛጔ ሥርወ መንግሥት]] ፡ በኋላ ፡ አጼ ፡ ይኩኖ ፡ አምላክ ፡ [[ሰለሞናዊው ሥርወ መንግሥት|ሰሎሞናዊውን ፡ ሥርወ-መንግሥት]] ፡ መልሶ ፡ ሲያቋቁም ፡ ነበር።<ref name="አንበሴ" /> አማርኛ ፡ ልሳነ-ጽሑፍ ፡ መሆን ፡ የጀመረው ፡ በ14<sup>ኛው</sup> ፡ ክፍለ ፡ ዘመን ፡ ላይ ፡ ሲሆን ፡ ይህንንም ፡ ያደረገው ፡ ሁሉንም ፡ የግዕዝ ፡ ፈደላትን ፡ በመውሰድና ፡ 6 ፡ አዳዲስ ፡ የላንቃ ፡ ፊደላትን ፡ (ማለትም ''ሸ ፣ ቸ ፣ ኘ ፣ ዠ ፣ ጀ ፣ ጨ'') እና ፡ ''ኸ''ን ፡ በመጨመር ፡ ነበር።<ref name="አንበሴ" /> ነገር ፡ ግን ፡ በጽሑፍ ፡ ይበልጥ ፡ መስፋፋት ፡ የጀመረው ፡ ከ[[አጼ ቴዎድሮስ|አጼ ፡ ቴዎድሮስ]] ፡ ጀምሮ ፡ ሲሆን ፡ ለእዚህም ፡ በተለይ ፡ አስተዋጽኦ ፡ ያደረገው ፡ ጸሐፊያቸው ፡ ደብተራ ፡ ዘነብ ፡ ነበር።<ref name="አንበሴ" /> አማርኛ ፡ በተለይ ፡ የተስፋፋው ፡ የ[[ዳግማዊ አጼ ምኒሊክ|ዳግማዊ ፡ አጼ ፡ ምኒሊክ]]ን ፡ የግዛት ፡ ማስፋፋት ፡ ዘመቻ ፡ ተከትሎና ፡ እንዲሁም ፡ ዘመናዊ ፡ ትምህርት ፡ ኢትዮጵያ ፡ ውስጥ ፡ ከተጀመረ ፡ በኋላ ፡ ነበር።<ref name="አንበሴ" />

አማርኛ ለብዙ ዘመናት በእጅ ሲጻፍ ቆይቶ በ፲፱፻ ዓ.ም. ገደማ በማተሚያ መሣሪያ ሊከተብ ችሏል። የግዕዝን ፊደል በዶ/ር [[ኣበራ ሞላ]] ፈጠራ ወደ ኮምፕዩተር ገብቶ ከ፲፱፻፹ ዓ. ም. ወዲህ በኮምፕዩተር መጠቀም ከመቻሉም ሌላ በዩኒኮድ ዕውቅና ኣግኝቷል። ይህ የተስፋፋ ገጽም የቀረበው በእዚሁ ሥርዓት ሲሆን በቋንቋው የተጻፉ መረጃዎች ቊጥሮች እያደጉ ነው። የዓማርኛ ፊደልና ቋንቋም ዕውቅና እያደገ ስለመጣ በእጅ ስልኮችም በሚገባ ሥራ ላይ እየዋለ ነው። ኣፕል የቋንቋ ገበታዎቹን ሌሎችም እንዲጠቀሙበት በ፳፻፯ ዓ. ም. ስለከፈተ ዓማርኛን እንደሌሎች የዓለም ባለፊደል ቋንቋዎች መርጦ መጠቀም ተችሏል። በ፳፻፰ ዓ. ም. ግዕዝ የመጀመሪያን የኣሜሪካ የባለቤትነት መታወቂያ (ፓተንት) ኣግኝቷል። [http://www.google.com/patents/US9000957]

ይህም የሆነው በ[[የካቲት 10]] ቀን [[2008]] ዓ.ም. አማርኛ ወደ ማናቸውም ሌላ ቋንቋ በ[[ኮምፒውተር]] በቀላሉ ወደሚተረጎሙት ቋንቋዎች ገብታለች። ሆኖም የትርጉሙ ጥራት ከፍ ያለ ሳይሆን ስኅተቶች የተሞላበት ሆኖ ቀርቷል።

===ትንተና===
በ[[ሷዴሽ ዝርዝር]] 207 ተራ ቃላት ውስጥ

* 28 ቃላት ወይም 13.5% ከግዕዙ በምንም አይለዩም (አንተ፣ እንስሳ፣ ዓሣ፣ ፍሬ፣ ሥጋ፣ ደም፣ ዐይን፣ አፍ፣ እግር፣ ክንፍ፣ ልብ፣ ነከሰ፣ ሞተ፣ ቆመ፣ ዞረ፣ አሠረ፣ ፀሐይ፣ ኮከብ፣ ባሕር፣ ደመና፣ ሰማይ፣ ነፋስ፣ ጢስ፣ እሳት፣ ሌሊት፣ ዓመት፣ ክብ፣ ስም።)

* 77 ወይም 37% ከግዕዙ ቃላት በቀጥታ የተደረጁ ናቸው (እኔ፣ እኛ፣ እናንተ፣ ማን፣ ምን፣ የት፣ መቼ፣ ሁሉ፣ ብዙ፣ አንድ፣ ሁለት፣ ሦስት፣ አራት፣ አምስት፣ ረጅም፣ ከባድ፣ ትንሽ፣ አጭር፣ ጠባብ፣ ቀጭን፣ ሴት፣ ሰው፣ ልጅ፣ ሚስት፣ አባት፣ ወፍ፣ ቅማል፣ ዘር፣ ቅጠል፣ ሥር፣ ልጥ፣ ሣር፣ አጥንት፣ ስብ፣ እንቁላል፣ ቀንድ፣ ጸጉር፣ ራስ፣ ጥፍር፣ እጅ፣ ጉበት፣ ጠጣ፣ በላ፣ ጠባ፣ ነፋ፣ ተነፈሰ፣ ሳቀ፣ አየ፣ ሰማ፣ አሠበ፣ ፈራ፣ ገደለ፣ ቈረጠ፣ መጣ፣ ወደቀ፣ ያዘ፣ ጨመቀ፣ አጠበ፣ ሳበ፣ ገፋ፣ ጣለ፣ ሰፋ፣ አለ፣ አበጠ፣ ዝናብ፣ ጨው፣ ጉም፣ አመዳይ፣ አመድ፣ ቀይ፣ ሙቅ፣ ሙሉ፣ አዲስ፣ አሮጌ፣ እርጥብ፣ ቅርብ፣ ሩቅ።)

በዝርዝሩ ከተረፉት ግማሽ ቃላት፣ ብዙዎች ከሌሎች የግዕዝ ሥሮች በሌላ መንገድ መጡ፣ ለምሳሌ «እርሱ» በግዕዝ «ውእቱ» ፈንታ፣ ከ«ርዕሱ» (ራሱ) ይመስላል።

ከግዕዝ ጭምር ከሰው ልጆች ልሳናት የተበደሩ ሌሎች ቃላት እንደ ዘመኑ ይለያያሉ፦ ከ[[ግሪክኛ]]፣ ከ[[አረብኛ]]፣ ከ[[ፖርቱጊዝኛ]]፣ ከ[[ቱርክኛ]]፣ ከ[[ፈረንሳይኛ]]፣ ከ[[ጣልኛ]]ና ከ[[እንግሊዝኛ]] ቃላት የተቀበሉባቸው ዘመኖች ኑረዋል። እንዲሁም አንዳንድ የአማርኛ ቃሎች ከግዕዝ ይልቅ እንደ [[ኦሮምኛ]] ወይም እንደ [[ኩሻዊ ቋንቋዎች]] ቃላት ይመስላሉ።

ምሳሌዎች፦

* ከግሪክኛ፦ ጠረጴዛ
* ከአረብኛ፦ ባሩድ
* ከቱርክኛ፦ ሰንደቅ
* ከፈረንሳይኛ፦ ባቡር
* ከጣልኛ፦ ቡሎን
* ከእንግሊዝኛ፦ ኢንተርናሽናል

===[[IpA|lpA]]===
{| style="text-align:center"
|+
|- style="font-size:2em"
! style="font-size:0.5em" |{{transl|jsem|ɦ}}
|<u>{{lang|am|ሀ}}</u>||{{lang|am|ሁ}}w||{{lang|am|ሂ}}||<code>{{lang|am|ሃ}}</code>||{{lang|am|ሄ}}||{{lang|am|ህ}}||{{lang|am|ሆ}}|| colspan="5" style="background:#ccc;" |&nbsp;
|- valign="top"
!&nbsp;!!'''{{transl|sem|ä/e}}<br>{{IPA|[ə]}}'''!!{{transl|sem|u}}!!<code>{{transl|sem|i}}</code><ref name="አንበሴ" />!!<code>{{transl|sem|a}}</code>!!{{transl|sem|ē}}!!{{transl|sem|ə}}<br>{{IPA|[ɨ], ∅}}!!o!!{{transl|sem|ʷä/ue}}<br>{{IPA|[ʷə]}}!!{{transl|sem|ʷi/ui}}!!{{transl|sem|ʷa/ua}}!!{{transl|sem|ʷē/uē}}!!{{transl|sem|ʷə}}<br>{{IPA|[ʷɨ/ū]}}
|-
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|- style="font-size:2em"
! style="font-size:0.5em" |{{transl|sem|l}}
|'''{{lang|am|ለ}}'''||{{lang|am|ሉ}}||<code>{{lang|am|ሊ}}</code>||<code>{{lang|am|ላ}}</code>||{{lang|am|ሌ}}||{{lang|am|ል}}||{{lang|am|ሎ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;" |&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ሏ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;" |&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
! style="font-size:0.5em" |{{transl|sem|ħ}}
|{{lang|am|ሐ}}||{{lang|am|ሑ}}||<code>{{lang|am|ሒ}}</code>||<code>{{lang|am|ሓ}}</code>||{{lang|am|ሔ}}||{{lang|am|ሕ}}||{{lang|am|ሖ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;" |&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ሗ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;" |&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
! style="font-size:0.5em" |{{transl|sem|m}}
|{{lang|am|መ}}||{{lang|am|ሙ}}||<code>{{lang|am|ሚ}}</code>||<code>{{lang|am|ማ}}</code>||{{lang|am|ሜ}}||{{lang|am|ም}}||{{lang|am|ሞ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;" |&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ሟ}}|| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;" |&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|ɬ}}
|{{lang|am|ሠ}}||{{lang|am|ሡ}}||{{lang|am|ሢ}}||{{lang|am|ሣ}}||{{lang|am|ሤ}}||{{lang|am|ሥ}}||{{lang|am|ሦ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ሧ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|r}}
|{{lang|am|ረ}}||{{lang|am|ሩ}}||{{lang|am|ሪ}}||{{lang|am|ራ}}||{{lang|am|ሬ}}||{{lang|am|ር}}||{{lang|am|ሮ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ሯ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|s}}
|{{lang|am|ሰ}}||{{lang|am|ሱ}}||{{lang|am|ሲ}}||{{lang|am|ሳ}}||{{lang|am|ሴ}}||{{lang|am|ስ}}||{{lang|am|ሶ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ሷ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|ʃ}}
|{{lang|am|ሸ}}||{{lang|am|ሹ}}||{{lang|am|ሺ}}||{{lang|am|ሻ}}||{{lang|am|ሼ}}||{{lang|am|ሽ}}||{{lang|am|ሾ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ሿ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|qʼ}}
|{{lang|am|ቀ}}||{{lang|am|ቁ}}||{{lang|am|ቂ}}||{{lang|am|ቃ}}||{{lang|am|ቄ}}||{{lang|am|ቅ}}||{{lang|am|ቆ}}||{{lang|am|ቈ}}||{{lang|am|ቊ}}||{{lang|am|ቋ}}||{{lang|am|ቌ}}||{{lang|am|ቍ}}
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|b}}
|{{lang|am|በ}}||{{lang|am|ቡ}}||{{lang|am|ቢ}}||{{lang|am|ባ}}||{{lang|am|ቤ}}||{{lang|am|ብ}}||{{lang|am|ቦ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ቧ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|β}}
|{{lang|am|ቨ}}||{{lang|am|ቩ}}||{{lang|am|ቪ}}||{{lang|am|ቫ}}||{{lang|am|ቬ}}||{{lang|am|ቭ}}||{{lang|am|ቮ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ቯ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|t}}
|{{lang|am|ተ}}||{{lang|am|ቱ}}||{{lang|am|ቲ}}||{{lang|am|ታ}}||{{lang|am|ቴ}}||{{lang|am|ት}}||{{lang|am|ቶ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ቷ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|ʧ}}
|{{lang|am|ቸ}}||{{lang|am|ቹ}}||{{lang|am|ቺ}}||{{lang|am|ቻ}}||{{lang|am|ቼ}}||{{lang|am|ች}}||{{lang|am|ቾ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ቿ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|χ}}
|{{lang|am|ኀ}}||{{lang|am|ኁ}}||{{lang|am|ኂ}}||{{lang|am|ኃ}}||{{lang|am|ኄ}}||{{lang|am|ኅ}}||{{lang|am|ኆ}}||{{lang|am|ኈ}}||{{lang|am|ኊ}}||{{lang|am|ኋ}}||{{lang|am|ኌ}}||{{lang|am|ኍ}}
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|n}}
|{{lang|am|ነ}}||{{lang|am|ኑ}}||{{lang|am|ኒ}}||{{lang|am|ና}}||{{lang|am|ኔ}}||{{lang|am|ን}}||{{lang|am|ኖ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ኗ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|ɲ}}
|{{lang|am|ኘ}}||{{lang|am|ኙ}}||{{lang|am|ኚ}}||{{lang|am|ኛ}}||{{lang|am|ኜ}}||{{lang|am|ኝ}}||{{lang|am|ኞ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ኟ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|ʔ}}
|{{lang|am|አ}}||{{lang|am|ኡ}}||{{lang|am|ኢ}}||{{lang|am|ኣ}}||{{lang|am|ኤ}}||{{lang|am|እ}}||{{lang|am|ኦ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ኧ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|k}}
|{{lang|am|ከ}}||{{lang|am|ኩ}}||{{lang|am|ኪ}}||{{lang|am|ካ}}||{{lang|am|ኬ}}||{{lang|am|ክ}}||{{lang|am|ኮ}}||{{lang|am|ኰ}}||{{lang|am|ኲ}}||{{lang|am|ኳ}}||{{lang|am|ኴ}}||{{lang|am|ኵ}}
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|x}}
|{{lang|am|ኸ}}||{{lang|am|ኹ}}||{{lang|am|ኺ}}||{{lang|am|ኻ}}||{{lang|am|ኼ}}||{{lang|am|ኽ}}||{{lang|am|ኾ}}|||{{lang|am|ዀ}}||{{lang|am|ዂ}}||{{lang|am|ዃ}}||{{lang|am|ዄ}}||{{lang|am|ዅ}}
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|w}}
|{{lang|am|ወ}}||{{lang|am|ዉ}}||{{lang|am|ዊ}}||{{lang|am|ዋ}}||{{lang|am|ዌ}}||{{lang|am|ው}}||{{lang|am|ዎ}}|| colspan="5" style="background:#ccc;" |&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|ʢ}}
|{{lang|am|ዐ}}||{{lang|am|ዑ}}||{{lang|am|ዒ}}||'''{{lang|am|ዓ}}'''||{{lang|am|ዔ}}||{{lang|am|ዕ}}||{{lang|am|ዖ}}|| colspan="5" style="background:#ccc;" |&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|z}}
|{{lang|am|ዘ}}||{{lang|am|ዙ}}||{{lang|am|ዚ}}||'''{{lang|am|ዛ}}'''||{{lang|am|ዜ}}||{{lang|am|ዝ}}||{{lang|am|ዞ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ዟ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|ʒ}}
|{{lang|am|ዠ}}||{{lang|am|ዡ}}||{{lang|am|ዢ}}||{{lang|am|ዣ}}||{{lang|am|ዤ}}||{{lang|am|ዥ}}||{{lang|am|ዦ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ዧ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|j}}
|{{lang|am|የ}}||{{lang|am|ዩ}}||{{lang|am|ዪ}}||{{lang|am|ያ}}||{{lang|am|ዬ}}||{{lang|am|ይ}}||{{lang|am|ዮ}}|| colspan="5" style="background:#ccc;" |&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|d}}
|{{lang|am|ደ}}||{{lang|am|ዱ}}||{{lang|am|ዲ}}||{{lang|am|ዳ}}||{{lang|am|ዴ}}||{{lang|am|ድ}}||{{lang|am|ዶ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ዷ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|ʤ}}
|{{lang|am|ጀ}}||{{lang|am|ጁ}}||{{lang|am|ጂ}}||{{lang|am|ጃ}}||{{lang|am|ጄ}}||{{lang|am|ጅ}}||{{lang|am|ጆ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ጇ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|g}}
|{{lang|am|ገ}}||{{lang|am|ጉ}}||{{lang|am|ጊ}}||{{lang|am|ጋ}}||{{lang|am|ጌ}}||{{lang|am|ግ}}||{{lang|am|ጎ}}||{{lang|am|ጐ}}||{{lang|am|ጒ}}||{{lang|am|ጓ}}||{{lang|am|ጔ}}||{{lang|am|ጕ}}
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|tʼ}}
|{{lang|am|ጠ}}||{{lang|am|ጡ}}||{{lang|am|ጢ}}||{{lang|am|ጣ}}||{{lang|am|ጤ}}||{{lang|am|ጥ}}||{{lang|am|ጦ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ጧ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|ʧʼ}}
|{{lang|am|ጨ}}||{{lang|am|ጩ}}||{{lang|am|ጪ}}||{{lang|am|ጫ}}||{{lang|am|ጬ}}||{{lang|am|ጭ}}||{{lang|am|ጮ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ጯ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|pʼ}}
|{{lang|am|ጰ}}||{{lang|am|ጱ}}||{{lang|am|ጲ}}||{{lang|am|ጳ}}||{{lang|am|ጴ}}||{{lang|am|ጵ}}||{{lang|am|ጶ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ጷ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|ʦʼ}}
|{{lang|am|ጸ}}||{{lang|am|ጹ}}||{{lang|am|ጺ}}||{{lang|am|ጻ}}||{{lang|am|ጼ}}||{{lang|am|ጽ}}||{{lang|am|ጾ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ጿ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|ƛʼ}}
|{{lang|am|ፀ}}||{{lang|am|ፁ}}||{{lang|am|ፂ}}||{{lang|am|ፃ}}||{{lang|am|ፄ}}||{{lang|am|ፅ}}||{{lang|am|ፆ}}|| colspan="5" style="background:#ccc;" |&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|ɸ}}
|{{lang|am|ፈ}}||{{lang|am|ፉ}}||{{lang|am|ፊ}}||{{lang|am|ፋ}}||{{lang|am|ፌ}}||{{lang|am|ፍ}}||{{lang|am|ፎ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ፏ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|p}}
|{{lang|am|ፐ}}||{{lang|am|ፑ}}||{{lang|am|ፒ}}||{{lang|am|ፓ}}||{{lang|am|ፔ}}||{{lang|am|ፕ}}||{{lang|am|ፖ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;||{{lang|am|ፗ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|&nbsp;
|-
!&nbsp;!!{{transl|sem|ä/e}}<br>{{IPA|[ə]}}!!{{transl|sem|u}}!!{{transl|sem|i}}!!{{transl|sem|a}}!!{{transl|sem|ē}}!!{{transl|sem|ə}}<br>{{IPA|[ɨ], ∅}}!!o!!{{transl|sem|ʷ/ue}}<br>{{IPA|[ʷə/ū]}}!!{{transl|sem|ʷi/ui}}!!{{transl|sem|ʷa/ua}}!!{{transl|sem|ʷē/uē}}!!{{transl|sem|ʷə}}<br>{{IPA|[ʷɨ/ū]}}
|}
nbsp;
|- style="font-size:2em"
!style="font-size:0.5em"|{{transl|sem|z}}
|{{lang|am|ዘ}}||{{lang|am|ዙ}}||{{lang|am|ዚ}}||'''{{lang|am|ዛ}}'''||{{lang|am|ዜ}}||{{lang|am|ዝ}}||{{lang|am|ዞ}}||colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"|

==ደግሞ ፡ ይዩ==
* [[መዝገበ ቃላት|መዝገበ ፡ ቃላት]]
* [[ቅድመ-ሴማዊ ጽሕፈት|ቅድመ-ሴማዊ ፡ ጽሕፈት]]

== የውጭ ፡ መያያዣዎች ==
* [http://amharicdictionary.com አማርኛ-እንግሊዝኛ ፡ መዝገበ ፡ ቃላት]
* [http://www.ethiopic.com ኢትዮፒክ.ኮም በኣበራ ፡ ሞላ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ethiopic.com/ |date=20070801044110 }}
* [http://www.addisscience.net አዲስ ፡ ሳይንስ]
* [http://www.cyberethiopia.com/warka4/index.php ዋርካ - ውይይት ፡ በአማርኛ]
* [http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=29213608820 ፌስቡክ ፡ በአማርኛ]
* [http://freetyping.geezedit.com ግዕዝኤዲት ፡ ነፃ ፡ የአማርኛ ፡ መክተቢያ ለዊንዶውስና ማክ] {{Wayback|url=http://freetyping.geezedit.com/ |date=20201204081045 }}
* [http://www.ethiopic.com/How_to_Google_Amharic-AMHARIC.htm ጉግል ፡ በአማርኛ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ethiopic.com/How_to_Google_Amharic-AMHARIC.htm |date=20110710203435 }}
* [http://www.rbardalzo.narod.ru/4/efiop.html የኢትዮጵያ ፡ ፊደል]
* [http://www.amharicpocketguide.com የiPhone አማርኛ ፡ ቋንቋ ፡ መማሪያ]
* [http://www.itypeamharic.com ታይፕ፥ ኢሜል፥ እና ቴክስት በአማርኛ - iPhone]
* itunes.com/apps/amharic [http://itunes.com/apps/amharic]
* itunes.com/apps/ahaz [http://itunes.com/apps/ahaz]
* [https://itunes.apple.com/app/id935624754] ግዕዝኤዲት ቴክስት በአማርኛ ለመጻፍ፣ ለመላክ፣ ለመፈለግ፣ በኣይፎን 6 እና ኣይፓድ GeezEdit Amharic Typing for [[iPhone 6]] and [[iPad]]
* [http://www.geezedit.com] ግዕዝኤዲት ለዊንዶውስ
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CMQYuhaAKH4 ስለ ፡ ነፃው ፡ ግዕዝኤዲት GeezEdit ቪድዮ ፡ በዶ/ር ፡ ኣበራ ፡ ሞላ ፡ እና ፡ የኣዲስ ፡ ኣበባ ፡ ዩኒቨርሲቲ ፡ ተማሪዎች]
* [https://patents.google.com/patent/US9000957B2/en] ኣበራ ፡ ሞላ Aberra Molla, "Ethiopic character entry", published 2015-04-07, issued 2015-04-07
* [https://www.google.com/patents/US9733724] ኣበራ ፡ ሞላ Aberra Molla, "Phonetic Keyboards", published 2017-08-15, issued 2017-08-15

== ማጣቀሻ ==
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እትም በ13:25, 23 ኖቬምበር 2023

አማርኛ[1] ፡ የኢትዮጵያ ፡ መደበኛ ፡ ቋንቋ ፡ ነው ። ከሴማዊ ፡ ቋንቋዎች ፡ እንደ ፡ ዕብራይስጥ ፡ ወይም ፡ ዓረብኛ ፡ አንዱ ፡ ነው። በአፍሪካ ፡ ውስጥ ፡ ደግሞ ፡ ከምዕራብ ፡ አፍሪካው ፡ ሐውሳና ፡ ከምሥራቅ ፡ አፍሪካው ፡ ስዋሂሊ ፡ ቀጥሎ ፡ 3ኛውን ፡ ቦታ ፡ የያዘ ፡ ነው።[1] እንዲያውም ፡ 85.6 ፡ ሚሊዮን ፡ ያህል ፡ ተናጋሪዎች ፡ እያሉት ፣ አማርኛ ፡ ከአረብኛ ፡ ቀጥሎ ፡ ትልቁ ፡ ሴማዊ ፡ ቋንቋ ፡ ነው። የሚጻፈውም ፡ በአማርኛ ፡ ፊደል ፡ ነው። አማርኛ ፡ ከዓረብኛና ፡ ከዕብራይስጥ ፡ ያለው ፡ መሰረታዊ ፡ ልዩነት ፡ እንደ ፡ ላቲን ፡ ከግራ ፡ ወደ ፡ ቀኝ ፡ መጻፉ ፡ ነው።

የሐማራ * ግዛት ፡ ተብሎ ፡ የሚታወቀው ፡ ቦታ ፡ በአሁኑ ፡ መካከለኛና ፡ ደቡብ ፡ ወሎ ፡ ይገኝ ፡ እንደነበር ፡ በታሪክ ፡ ይጠቀሳል[2]። ከክርስቶስ ፡ ልደት ፡ በፊት ፡ ከ200 - 130 ዓ.ዓ. ፡ የነበረው ፡ አጋታርከስ ፡ ስለ ፡ ቀይ ፡ ባህር ፡ እና ፡ አካባቢው ፡ ሲጽፍ ፣ ትሮጎዶላይት ፡ ያላ

  1. ^ ሀ ለ ዶ/ር ፡ አንበሴ ፡ ተፈራ «የኢትዮጵያ ፡ ብሔረሰቦችና ፡ ቋንቋዎቻቸው ፡ አጭር ፡ ቅኝት Archived ጁን 17, 2012 at the Wayback Machine»
  2. ^ የኢትዮጵያ ካርታ 1459 በዝርዝር
ከ «https://am.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=አማርኛ&oldid=378991» የተወሰደ