የኦርኾን ጽሕፈት ቢያንስ ከ7ኛው ክፍለ ዘመን እስከ 13ኛው ክፍለ ዘመን ዓ.ም. ጥንታዊ ቱርክኛ ለመጻፍ ይጠቀም የነበረ አልፋቤት ነው። ይህ ጥንታዊ ቱርክኛ ቋንቋ በመካከለኛው እስያ የተነገረ ሲሆን የዛሬው ቱርኪክ ቋንቋዎች ቤተሠብ አባት ነበረ። በዚሁ ጽሕፈት የተጻፈው ጽሑፎችና ቅርሶች በተለይ በሞንጎልያ፣ ኪርጊዝስታን፣ ሳይቤሪያ፣ ምዕራብ ቻይና ወዘተ. ተገኝተዋል፤ እንዲሁም ተመሳሳይ ጽሕፈቶች በምሥራቅ አውሮጳ እስከ ሀንጋሪ ድረስ ታውቀዋል።
የተደረጀው በኡዝቤኪስታን ከተገኘው ሶግዲያን ጽሕፈት እንደ ሆነ ይታስባል። ሌላ ሃልዮ ግን ፊደሎቹ የተለሙ ከቻይናዊ ጽሕፈት እንደ ነበር ይላል። ከቀኝ ወደ ግራ ይነባል።
ጥንታዊ ቱርክኛ አልፋቤት
Using |
ምልክቱ |
ትርጉሙ
|
አናባቢዎች |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Old_Turkic_letter_A.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_A.svg.png) |
A |
አ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Old_Turkic_letter_I.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_I.svg.png) |
I |
ኢ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Old_Turkic_letter_O.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_O.svg.png) |
O |
ኦ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Old_Turkic_letter_U.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_U.svg.png) |
U |
ኡ
|
ተናባቢዎች |
harmonized |
መክፈቻ፦ (¹) — ከ'ኦ' 'ኡ' ጋር (²) — ከ'አ' 'ኢ' ጋር |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Old_Turkic_letter_B1.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_B1.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Old_Turkic_letter_B2.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_B2.svg.png) |
B¹ |
ቦ፣ ቡ |
B² |
ባ፣ ቢ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Old_Turkic_letter_D1.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_D1.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Old_Turkic_letter_D2.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_D2.svg.png) |
D¹ |
ዶ፣ ዱ |
D² |
ዳ፣ ዲ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Old_Turkic_letter_G1.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_G1.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Old_Turkic_letter_G2.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_G2.svg.png) |
G¹ |
ጎ፣ ጉ |
G² |
ጋ፣ ጊ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Old_Turkic_letter_L1.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_L1.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Old_Turkic_letter_L2.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_L2.svg.png) |
L¹ |
ሎ፣ ሉ |
L² |
ላ፣ ሊ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Old_Turkic_letter_N1.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_N1.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Old_Turkic_letter_N2.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_N2.svg.png) |
N¹ |
ኖ፣ ኑ |
N² |
ና፣ ኒ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Old_Turkic_letter_R1.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_R1.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Old_Turkic_letter_R2.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_R2.svg.png) |
R¹ |
ሮ፣ ሩ |
R² |
ራ፣ ሪ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Old_Turkic_letter_S1.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_S1.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Old_Turkic_letter_S2.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_S2.svg.png) |
S¹ |
ሶ፣ ሱ |
S² |
ሳ፣ ሲ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Old_Turkic_letter_T1.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_T1.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Old_Turkic_letter_T2.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_T2.svg.png) |
T¹ |
ቶ፣ ቱ |
T² |
ታ፣ ቲ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Old_Turkic_letter_Y1.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_Y1.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Old_Turkic_letter_Y2.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_Y2.svg.png) |
Y¹ |
ዮ፣ ዩ |
Y² |
ያ፣ ዪ
|
only (¹) — Q only (²) — K |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Old_Turkic_letter_Q.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_Q.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Old_Turkic_letter_K.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_K.svg.png) |
Q |
ቆ፣ ቁ |
K |
ካ፣ ኪ
|
ከማንኛውም አናባቢ ጋር |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Old_Turkic_letter_CH.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_CH.svg.png) |
-CH |
ቸ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Old_Turkic_letter_M.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_M.svg.png) |
-M |
መ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Old_Turkic_letter_P.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_P.svg.png) |
-P |
ፐ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Old_Turkic_letter_SH.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_SH.svg.png) |
-SH |
ሸ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Old_Turkic_letter_Z.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_Z.svg.png) |
-Z |
ዘ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Old_Turkic_letter_NG.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_NG.svg.png) |
-NG |
ጘ
|
clusters |
+ vowel |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Old_Turkic_letter_ICH.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_ICH.svg.png) |
ICH, CHI, CH |
ኢች፣ ቺ፣ ቸ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Old_Turkic_letter_IQ.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_IQ.svg.png) |
IQ, QI, Q |
ኢቅ፣ ቂ፣ ቀ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Old_Turkic_letter_OQ.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_OQ.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Old_Turkic_letter_UK.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_UK.svg.png) |
OQ, UQ, QO, QU, Q |
ኦቅ፣ ኡቅ፣ ቆ፣ ቁ፣ ቅ |
ÖK, ÜK, KÖ, KÜ, K |
ኦክ፣ ኡክ፣ ኮ፣ ኩ፣ ክ
|
+ consonant |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Old_Turkic_letter_NCH.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_NCH.svg.png) |
-NCH |
-ንች
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Old_Turkic_letter_NY.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_NY.svg.png) |
-NY |
-ኝ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Old_Turkic_letter_LT.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_LT.svg.png) |
-LT |
-ልት፣ -ልድ
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Old_Turkic_letter_NT.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_NT.svg.png) |
-NT |
-ንት፣ -ንድ
|
ቃል መለያ |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Old_Turkic_letter_SEP.svg/20px-Old_Turkic_letter_SEP.svg.png) |
none
|
(-) — ቃል መጨረሻ ብቻ
|
ምሳሌ፦
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Old_Turkic_letter_I.svg/15px-Old_Turkic_letter_I.svg.png)
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Old_Turkic_letter_R2.svg/15px-Old_Turkic_letter_R2.svg.png)
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Old_Turkic_letter_NG.svg/15px-Old_Turkic_letter_NG.svg.png)
— ከቀኝ ወደ ግራ፦
- T²NGR²I — transliteration
- /ተጝሪ/ — (እግዚአብሔር)
- teñri / tanrı — ዘመናዊ ቱርክኛ ጽሑፍ